Sarah Butler is Vice President at NERA Economic Consulting. Ms. Butler is an expert in survey research, sampling, market research, statistical analysis, and database analysis. She has applied her expertise in a wide range of projects and litigation cases. In the area of intellectual property, she has focused on survey research and analysis related to trademarks, patents, and false advertising including surveys to establish likelihood of confusion, secondary meaning, and dilution. In the antitrust area, she has designed and evaluated surveys offered to estimate market shares and as evidence of cross shopping behaviors. She has also reviewed secondary market research, with a focus on evaluating its reliability as evidence in antitrust analyses. In antitrust, as well as the areas of water and the environment, Ms. Butler has designed and evaluated complex willingness to pay and hypothetical choice surveys. In mass torts, her experience includes asbestos, tobacco, and pharmaceuticals. She has worked extensively with large databases of claims files to generate invoices, estimate future liabilities, and calculate policy shares for insurer liabilities. Ms. Butler has also examined demographic and epidemiological data for pharmaceutical litigation. She has conducted surveys of consumers, physicians, and IT professionals, and has designed samples using insurance records, legal documents, real estate transactions, and radio play lists. Prior to joining NERA, Ms. Butler worked in market research, conducting survey research, focus groups, and in-depth interviews.